Rare Earth Silicon
2024.12.27
Rare earth silicon iron alloy is very effective as a modifier in steel. China is one of the earliest countries to develop, produce, and apply rare earth silicon iron alloy. However, the single silicon thermal method is still used to this day. This method has a high total energy consumption; in order to create good reducing conditions during smelting, a large amount of lime is needed to make slag and adjust the slag alkalinity. The amount of smelting slag is relatively large, resulting in low rare earth recovery rates and high Ca and Al content in the product. In foreign countries, rare earth iron alloys and alkaline earth iron alloys are basically smelted using the carbon thermal reduction method. This method can greatly reduce the cost of the product by using inexpensive ore materials and directly producing the alloy in large-capacity ore thermal furnaces. However, it often encounters considerable difficulties due to the formation of slag or carbide furnace tumors in the furnace chamber. This leads to a serious deterioration in alloy quality and overall production technical and economic indicators. China has also made beneficial attempts.
Rare earth silicon iron alloy generally contains rare earth 17%-37%, Si 35%-46%, Mn 5%-8%, Ca 5%-8%, Ti 6%, the rest is iron. The alloy is silver-gray in color, with a melting point of 1473-1573°C.
Rare earth ferroalloys are blocky, with a metallic luster, hard and brittle, and easy to crush. Rare earth silicon-iron alloys are silver-gray. Rare earth silicon-iron-magnesium alloys shimmer with a blue luster in a silver-gray matrix. The density of rare earth intermediate alloys is 4.5-4.7g/cm3, with a melting point of 1200-1260°C.
High-chromium white cast iron, as a wear-resistant material, has been widely used in industries such as mining machinery, agriculture, and building materials. Currently, the problem with high-chromium cast iron is that its wear resistance and toughness cannot achieve good coordination under specific working conditions. China has abundant rare earth resources, and by using rare earth modification treatment to refine the structure of high-chromium cast iron, and with corresponding heat treatment processes to improve its performance. When the rare earth addition amount is around 0.9%, the wear resistance and toughness of high-chromium cast iron reach the best coordination.
Rare earth ferrosilicon alloys are very effective as denaturants in steel. China is one of the earliest countries in the development, production and application of rare earth ferrosilicon alloys. However, a single electro-silicon thermal method is still used until now. The total energy consumption of this method is high; In the smelting process, in order to create good reduction conditions, a large amount of lime slag should be added and the alkalinity of slag should be adjusted. The amount of smelting slag is relatively large, and the rare earth yield is low; The content of Ca and Al in the product is high. In foreign countries, rare earth ferroalloys and alkaline earth ferroalloys are basically smelted by the carbon heat method of the original method. This method can greatly reduce the cost of the product due to the use of cheap ore raw materials and the direct production of alloys in high-capacity submerged furnaces, but it is usually quite difficult due to the formation of slag or carbide nodules in the furnace. It has led to a serious deterioration of the alloy quality and all production technical and economic indicators. My country has also made useful attempts. Rare earth ferrosilicon alloys generally contain 17%-37% of rare earths, 35%-46% of Si, 5%-8% of Mn, 5%-8% of Ca, 6% of Ti, and the rest are iron. The alloy is silvery-gray with a melting point of 1473-1573 °C. Rare earth ferroalloys are lumpy, metallic, hard and brittle, and easy to crush. Rare earth ferrosilicon alloys are silvery-gray in color. Rare-earth ferrosilicon alloys shimmer blue in a silvery-gray matrix. The density of rare earth master alloy is 4.5-4.7g/cm3, and the melting point is 1200-1260 °C. As an anti-wear material, high-chromium white cast iron has been widely used in mining machinery, agriculture, building materials and other industries. At present, the problem of high chromium cast iron is that its wear resistance and toughness cannot achieve a good fit under specific working conditions. China is rich in rare earth resources, and the structure of high-chromium cast iron is refined through rare earth metamorphism, and its performance is improved by corresponding heat treatment process. When the amount of rare earth is about 0.9%, the wear resistance and toughness of high-chromium cast iron achieve the best fit.
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